Tag: Clusters

Optical Properties of Metal Clusters


Free Download Optical Properties of Metal Clusters By Prof. Dr. Uwe Kreibig, Prof. Dr. Michael Vollmer (auth.)
1995 | 535 Pages | ISBN: 3642081916 | PDF | 15 MB
Optical Properties of Metal Clusters deals with the electronic structure of metal clusters determined optically. Clusters – as state intermediate between molecules and the extended solid – are important in many areas, e.g. in air pollution, interstellar matter, clay minerals, photography, heterogeneous catalysis, quantum dots, and virus crystals. This book extends the approaches of optical molecular and solid-state methods to clusters, revealing how their optical properties evolve as a function of size. Cluster matter, i.e. extended systems of many clusters – the most frequently occuring form – is also treated. The combination of reviews of experimental techniques, lists of results and detailed descriptions of selected experiments will appeal to experts, newcomers and graduate students in this expanding field.

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Density Functional Theory of Molecules, Clusters, and Solids


Free Download Density Functional Theory of Molecules, Clusters, and Solids By M. A. Buijse (auth.), D. E. Ellis (eds.)
1996 | 320 Pages | ISBN: 0792330838 | PDF | 13 MB
Rapid advances are taking place in the application of density functional theory (DFT) to describe complex electronic structures, to accurately treat large systems and to predict physical and chemical properties. Both theoretical content and computational methodology are developing at a pace which offers researchers new opportunities in areas such as quantum chemistry, cluster science, and solid state physics. This volume contains ten contributions by leading scientists in the field and provides an authoritative overview of the most important developments. The book focuses on the following themes: determining adequate approximations for the many-body problem of electronic correlations; how to transform these approximations into computational algorithms; applications to discover and predict properties of electronic systems; and developing the theory. For researchers in surface chemistry, catalysis, ceramics and inorganic chemistry.

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Atomic and Nuclear Clusters Proceedings of the Second International Conference at Santorini, Greece, June 28 – July 2, 1993


Free Download Atomic and Nuclear Clusters: Proceedings of the Second International Conference at Santorini, Greece, June 28 – July 2, 1993 By Professor G. S. Anagnostatos, Professor Dr. W. von Oertzen (eds.)
1995 | 317 Pages | ISBN: 3642796982 | PDF | 20 MB
The subject of clusters – small aggregates of particles – is a topic of primary interest in both atomic and nuclear physics, and also in other fields such as the quark-structures of baryons and cosmology. The interplay between atomic and nuclear physics is a particularly fascinating one because many concepts are common to both fields (quantal effects, shells, geometric structures, collective modes, fission, etc.). These proceedings contain a wealth of papers illustrating the interdisciplinary role of cluster physics. Some of them are reprinted from Zeitschrift für Physik A and D.

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Norm Clusters of Non-State Armed Groups Mapping and Understanding the Limits of Warfare as Understood by Non-State Arme


Free Download Will Jamison Wright, "Norm Clusters of Non-State Armed Groups: Mapping and Understanding the Limits of Warfare as Understood by Non-State Arme"
English | ISBN: 303145913X | 2023 | 230 pages | PDF | 5 MB
The proliferation of non-state armed groups and non-international armed conflicts since the end of the Second World War has challenged the legal frameworks which govern conduct in armed conflict. While aspects of international humanitarian law apply to such conflicts, international law can only go part of the way to explaining behaviour by armed groups. This book seeks to refocus discussion on the limits to armed conflict in such settings by examining the norms that underpin international humanitarian law as espoused by these armed groups to give a clearer picture as to the collectively constructed appropriateness of certain behaviours in or limits to warfare. The specific research question is "What are the norms of armed conflict as identified by non-state armed groups?" Using Winston’s norm cluster model, this study seeks to examine and map the ideations and behavioural prescriptions that constitute the armed conflict norm cluster as defined by non-state armed groups. To do this, it utilises a qualitative content analysis of documents from non-state armed groups coded to identify the different elements of this norm cluster as well as the frequency, pervasiveness, and connections between these elements. The findings showed that, while international humanitarian law is universal, these norms limiting armed conflict are not, with no norm being seen across all contexts examined. Core norms of international humanitarian law, especially those supported by norm entrepreneurs, were seen to be the focus of sub-clusters and the emergence of new parts of the norm cluster could be observed over time. The findings suggest that further work with the conceptualisation of limits to armed conflict as norms could be useful in improving the embeddedness of norms amongst non-state armed groups and could be useful in reconceptualising limits to armed conflict in cases where broadly accepted norms face growing contestation.

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Metal-Oxygen Clusters The Surface and Catalytic Properties of Heteropoly Oxometalates


Free Download John B. Moffat, "Metal-Oxygen Clusters: The Surface and Catalytic Properties of Heteropoly Oxometalates"
English | 2001 | pages: 317 | ISBN: 1475774796, 0306465078 | PDF | 3,0 mb
Metal-Oxygen Clusters is the first book, providing an overview of the surface chemistry and catalytic properties of heteropoly oxometalates. After a brief look at the early knowledge of heteropoly oxometalates, the book discusses the synthesis, characterization, structure, bulk properties and stability of these materials. The remainder and the largest portion of the book explores the properties of these solids as catalysts in acid-catalyzed and oxidation processes in supported or unsupported forms.

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Kafka Troubleshooting in Production Stabilizing Kafka Clusters in the Cloud and On-premises


Free Download Kafka Troubleshooting in Production: Stabilizing Kafka Clusters in the Cloud and On-premises by Elad Eldor
English | November 30, 2023 | ISBN: 1484294890 | 236 pages | MOBI | 6.03 Mb
This book provides Kafka administrators, site reliability engineers, and DataOps and DevOps practitioners with a list of real production issues that can occur in Kafka clusters and how to solve them. The production issues covered are assembled into a comprehensive troubleshooting guide for those engineers who are responsible for the stability and performance of Kafka clusters in production, whether those clusters are deployed in the cloud or on-premises. This book teaches you how to detect and troubleshoot the issues, and eventually how to prevent them.

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Competitive Advantages through Clusters An Empirical Study with Evidence from China (2024)


Free Download Saša Šarić, "Competitive Advantages through Clusters: An Empirical Study with Evidence from China"
English | 2012 | pages: 250 | ISBN: 3834935530 | PDF | 1,9 mb
The world over, clusters are home to leading firms and institutions that compete on the edge of technology. They can be found in developed and developing countries alike and comprise such famous ones as Silicon Valley, London ‟s financial center, ceramic tile and fashion in north Italy, wine in Bordeaux, automotive in Stuttgart and Munich, software in Bangalore, and manufacturing in China ‟s Pearl-river delta. Today they are studied by a variety of scholars from different fields including economists, social scientists, and strategists, but also by a growing number of business practitioners and policy makers.3 As a result, knowledge on the capacity of clusters to promote regional economic development and national prosperity and the role of local industrial policy in creating new clusters has increased rapidly in recent years The present research is best described as being exploratory in nature. It elaborates and extends existing theory. By doing so, it takes up a distinct position within scientific theory that is defined by three levels of analysis: (1) the meta-methodological level, (2) the methodological level, and (3) the theoretical level.

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