Tag: Conflicts

International Law and the Classification of Conflicts


Free Download International Law and the Classification of Conflicts By Elizabeth Wilmshurst
2012 | 600 Pages | ISBN: 0199657750 | EPUB | 4 MB
This book comprises contributions by leading experts in the field of international humanitarian law on the subject of the categorization or classification of armed conflicts. It is divided into two sections; the first aims to provide the reader with a sound understanding of the legal questions surrounding the classification of hostilities and its consequences; the second includes ten case studies that examine practice in respect of classification. Understanding how classification operates in theory and practice is a precursor to identifying the relevant rules that govern parties to hostilities. With changing forms of armed conflict which may involve multi-national operations, transnational armed groups and organised criminal gangs, the need for clarity of the law is all-important. The case studies selected for analysis are Northern Ireland, DRC, Colombia, Afghanistan (from 2001), Gaza, South Ossetia, Iraq (from 2003), Lebanon (2006), the so-called war against Al-Qaeda, and future trends. The studies explore the legal consequences of classification particularly in respect of the use of force, detention in armed conflict, and the relationship between human rights law and international humanitarian law. The practice identified in the case studies allows the final chapter to draw conclusions as to the state of the law on classification.

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Resolving Intergenerational Conflicts An Approach from Philosophy, Economics, and Experiments


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English | 2024 | ISBN: 9819706130 | 231 Pages | PDF EPUB (True) | 15 MB
This book is an unprecedented consideration of the challenges of what we can do for generations yet to come. Many growing intergenerational conflicts of interest, such as climate change and fiscal sustainability, are the result of the historically new progress of increasing human power, and the resolution of those conflicts demands a new intergenerational ethic. The book offers fresh new ideas for resolving intergenerational conflicts through the exploration of an entirely new field, conceptualized in philosophy, developed in economics, and tested in experiments. In particular, this work develops the theory of intergenerational cooperation based on a new relationship of direct reciprocity between generations. From experimental results, the possibility of intergenerational cooperation through Kantian categorical imperative is shown. The book also examines the effectiveness of inviting representatives of future generations, which are called "imaginary future generations", into the deliberations for current policy decisions.

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To Risk It All Nine Conflicts and the Crucible of Decision [Audiobook]


Free Download To Risk It All: Nine Conflicts and the Crucible of Decision (Audiobook)
English | May 24, 2022 | ASIN: B09FWWB4LF | M4B@64 kbps | 7h 42m | 231 MB
Author: Admiral James Stavridis | Narrator: Marc Cashman
From one of the great naval leaders of our time, a master class in decision-making under pressure through the stories of nine famous acts of leadership in battle, drawn from the history of the United States Navy, with outcomes both glorious and notorious

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The Ottomans and Christians The History and Legacy of the Ottomans’ Conflicts with Catholic and Orthodox Nations [Audiobook]


Free Download The Ottomans and Christians: The History and Legacy of the Ottomans’ Conflicts with Catholic and Orthodox Nations (Audiobook)
English | ISBN: 9798868633096 | 2024 | 9 hours and 52 minutes | M4B@64 kbps | 282 MB
Author: Charles River Editors
Narrator: Jim Walsh

In terms of geopolitics, perhaps the most seminal event of the Middle Ages was the successful Ottoman siege of Constantinople in 1453. The city had been an imperial capital as far back as the 4th century, when Constantine the Great shifted the power center of the Roman Empire there, effectively establishing two almost equally powerful halves of antiquity’s greatest empire. Constantinople would continue to serve as the capital of the Byzantine Empire even after the Western half of the Roman Empire collapsed in the late 5th century. Naturally, the Ottoman Empire would also use Constantinople as the capital of its empire after their conquest effectively ended the Byzantine Empire, and thanks to its strategic location, it has been a trading center for years and remains one today under the Turkish name of Istanbul.

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Wildlife and Wind Farms – Conflicts and Solutions Offshore Potential Effects


Free Download Martin Perrow, "Wildlife and Wind Farms – Conflicts and Solutions: Offshore: Potential Effects "
English | ISBN: 1784271276 | 2019 | 300 pages | EPUB, PDF | 18 MB + 13 MB
Wind farms are an essential component of global renewable energy policy and the action to limit the effects of climate change. There is, however, considerable concern over the impacts of wind farms on wildlife, leading to a wide range of research and monitoring studies, a growing body of literature and several international conferences on the topic.

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Wildlife Wind Farms Conflicts and Solutions (Volume 4)


Free Download Martin Perrow, "Wildlife Wind Farms Conflicts and Solutions (Volume 4) "
English | ISBN: 1784271314 | 2019 | 250 pages | EPUB, PDF | 37 MB + 57 MB
Wind farms are an essential component of global renewable energy policy and the action to limit the effects of climate change. There is, however, considerable concern over the impacts of wind farms on wildlife, leading to a wide range of research and monitoring studies, a growing body of literature and several international conferences on the topic.

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Algerian Languages in Education Conflicts and Reconciliation


Free Download Salim Bouherar, "Algerian Languages in Education: Conflicts and Reconciliation"
English | ISBN: 3030893235 | 2021 | 225 pages | PDF | 2 MB
This book examines the role of foreign languages and cultures in the Algerian educational system, highlighting how cultural imperialism and supremacy persist through damaging language ideologies and the privileging of colonial languages such as French and English. The authors challenge the claim that the Algerian educational system can be considered ‘neutral’, arguing instead that it was and still is the outcome of a conflict between Arabised and Francophone elites, serving strategic and ideological objectives rather than cultural or pedagogical goals. This book will be relevant to students and scholars of language education, language policy and planning, and the history and politics of the Arab and Muslim world, especially those interested in the influence of Western languages and cultures and the democratisation of educational systems.

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