Tag: Introduction

Free Download Introduction to Solar Radio Astronomy and Radio Physics by A. Krüger
English | PDF | 1979 | 345 Pages | ISBN : 9027709572 | 13.1 MB
1. 1. Short History of Solar Radio Astronomy Since its birth in the forties of our century, solar radio astronomy has grown into an extensive scientific branch comprising a number of quite different topics covering technical sciences, astrophysics, plasma physics, solar-terrestrial physics, and other disciplines. Historically, the story of radio astronomy goes back to the times of James Clerk Maxwell, whose well known phenomenological electromagnetic field equations have become the basis of present-time radio physics. As a direct consequence of these equations, Maxwell was able to prognosticate the existence of radio waves which fifteen years later were experimentally detected by the famous work of Heinrich Hertz (1887/88). However, all attempts to detect radio waves from cosmic objects failed until 1932, which was mainly due to the early stage of development of receiving techniques and the as yet missing knowledge of the existence of a screening ionosphere (which was detected in 1925). Therefore, famous inventors like Thomas Edison and A. E. Kennelly, as well as Sir Oliver Lodge, were unsuccessful in receiving any radio emission from the Sun or other extraterrestrial sources. Another hindering point was that nobody could a priori expect that solar radio emission should have something to do with solar activity so that unfortunately by chance some experiments were carried out just at periods of low solar activity. This was also why Karl Guthe Jansky at the birth of radio astronomy detected galactic radio waves but no emission from the Sun.

Free Download Introduction to Probability by John B. Thomas
English | PDF | 1986 | 256 Pages | ISBN : 0387963197 | 7.5 MB
This book was written for an introductory one-term course in probability. It is intended to provide the minimum background in probability that is necessary for students interested in applications to engineering and the sciences. Although it is aimed primarily at upperclassmen and beginning graduate students, the only prere quisite is the standard calculus course usually required of under graduates in engineering and science. Most beginning students will have some intuitive notions of the meaning of probability based on experiences involving, for example, games of chance. This book develops from these notions a set of precise and ordered concepts comprising the elementary theory of probability. An attempt has been made to state theorems carefully, but the level of the proofs varies greatly from formal arguments to appeals to intuition. The book is in no way intended as a substi tu te for a rigorous mathematical treatment of probability. How ever, some small amount of the language of formal mathematics is used, so that the student may become better prepared (at least psychologically) either for more formal courses or for study of the literature. Numerous examples are provided throughout the book. Many of these are of an elementary nature and are intended merely to illustrate textual material. A reasonable number of problems of varying difficulty are provided. Instructors who adopt the text for classroom use may obtain a Solutions Manual for all of the problems by writing to the author.

Free Download Bagirov, "Introduction to Nonsmooth Optimization"
English | ISBN: 3319081136 | 2014 | 392 pages | EPUB | 8 MB
This book is the first easy-to-read text on nonsmooth optimization (NSO, not necessarily differentiable optimization). Solving these kinds of problems plays a critical role in many industrial applications and real-world modeling systems, for example in the context of image denoising, optimal control, neural network training, data mining, economics and computational chemistry and physics. The book covers both the theory and the numerical methods used in NSO and provide an overview of different problems arising in the field. It is organized into three parts:

Free Download Introduction to Modified Gravity, Second Edition by Albert Petrov , Jose Roberto Nascimento , Paulo Porfirio
English | PDF EPUB (True) | 2023 | 106 Pages | ISBN : 3031466330 | 8 MB
This book reviews various modified gravity models, including those with modifications in the pure gravitational sector; those involving extra fields, that is, scalar-tensor and vector-tensor gravity theories; gravity models with Lorentz symmetry breaking; and nonlocal gravity models. The authors discuss both classical and quantum aspects of these theories. The book is unique in bringing together all the current alternatives to Einstein gravity in one source and serves as an excellent starting point for graduate students and other newcomers seeking an overview.

Free Download Introduction to Logic Circuits & Logic Design with VHDL, Third Edition by Brock J. LaMeres
English | PDF EPUB (True) | 2023 | 544 Pages | ISBN : 3031425464 | 338.4 MB
This textbook introduces readers to the fundamental hardware used in modern computers. The only pre-requisite is algebra, so it can be taken by college freshman or sophomore students or even used in Advanced Placement courses in high school. This book presents both the classical approach to digital system design (i.e., pen and paper) in addition to the modern hardware description language (HDL) design approach (computer-based). This textbook enables readers to design digital systems using the modern HDL approach while ensuring they have a solid foundation of knowledge of the underlying hardware and theory of their designs. This book is designed to match the way the material is actually taught in the classroom. Topics are presented in a manner which builds foundational knowledge before moving onto advanced topics. The author has designed the content with learning goals and assessment at its core. Each section addresses a specific learning outcome that the learner should be able to "do" after its completion. The concept checks and exercise problems provide a rich set of assessment tools to measure learner performance on each outcome. This book can be used for either a sequence of two courses consisting of an introduction to logic circuits (Chapters 1-7) followed by logic design (Chapters 8-14) or a single, accelerated course that uses the early chapters as reference material.

Free Download Introduction to Fractal Manufacturing: Theory and Application by Bruno G. Rüttimann
English | PDF EPUB (True) | 2023 (2024 Edition) | 93 Pages | ISBN : 3031490584 | 13.9 MB
This book offers a comprehensive exploration of a new manufacturing mode designed to revolutionize the reliability of interdependent networks. It provides the necessary theoretical foundation and practical implementation guidance for Fractal Manufacturing with Variable Quantum Flow, an innovative manufacturing approach tailored to reduce process lead time (PLT) and to meet the demands of value chains reliant on 100% on-time delivery (OTD). The book introduces readers to introductory concepts, delves into the evolution from the BCT Deviation Function to Fractal Manufacturing, characterizes the Fractal Manufacturing system, and explores additional aspects beyond its modeling. With a focus on non-deterministic business environments and make-to-order productions, this book presents a pushed JIT system that is poised to transform manufacturing practices

Free Download Introduction to Fluorescence Sensing Volume 1: Materials and Devices by Alexander P. Demchenko
English | EPUB | 2020 | 673 Pages | ISBN : 3030601544 | 103.4 MB
This book provides systematic knowledge of basic principles in the design of fluorescence sensing and imaging techniques together with critical analysis of recent developments. Fluorescence is the most popular technique in chemical and biological sensing because of its ultimate sensitivity, high temporal and spatial resolution and versatility that enables imaging within the living cells.

Free Download Introduction to Differentiable Manifolds by Serge Lang
English | PDF (True) | 2002 | 258 Pages | ISBN : 0387954775 | 2.9 MB
This book gives an introduction to the basic concepts which are used in differential topology, differential geometry, and differential equations. A certain number of concepts are essential for all three of these areas, and are so basic and elementary, that it is worthwhile to collect them together so that more advanced expositions can be given without having to start from the very beginning. The concepts are concerned with the general basic theory of differential manifolds. As a result, this book can be viewed as a prerequisite to Fundamentals of Differential Geometry. Since this book is intended as a text to follow advanced calculus, manifolds are assumed finite dimensional. In the new edition of this book, the author has made numerous corrections to the text and he has added a chapter on applications of Stokes’ Theorem.

Free Download Introduction to Biliary Atresia by Masaki Nio
English | EPUB | 2021 | 337 Pages | ISBN : 9811621594 | 132.2 MB
This book offers a comprehensive overview of the latest standard medical procedures and surgical techniques for biliary atresia (BA), as well as the perioperative care, long-term follow-up and transitions. Experts on pediatrics in such fields as hepatology, surgery, pathology, and liver transplantation present their research findings and analyses of this rare and intractable disease of unknown etiology. In Japan, shared experience and sound understanding based on conferences and guidelines have led to standardization of management and clinical care and, as a result, better outcomes.

Free Download Introduction to Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics by Pavlos Kontos
English | PDF EPUB (True) | 2023 | 191 Pages | ISBN : 3031419847 | 8.9 MB
This book provides a balanced and accessible introduction to Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics. It carefully and comprehensively follows the thread of Aristotle’s argument and sheds light on topics that all too often receive little attention or are entirely ignored in the existing textbooks (such as self-control, legislative science and the legislator, the life of the money-maker, craft-knowledge, comprehension, and beastliness).