Tag: Natural

December 9, 2024

Linguistic Resources for Natural Language Processing On the Necessity of Using Linguistic Methods to Develop NLP

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Free Download Linguistic Resources for Natural Language Processing: On the Necessity of Using Linguistic Methods to Develop NLP Software by Max Silberztein
English | March 14, 2024 | ISBN: 3031438108 | 239 pages | MOBI | 15 Mb
Empirical ― data-driven, neural network-based, probabilistic, and statistical ― methods seem to be the modern trend. Recently, OpenAI’s ChatGPT, Google’s Bard and Microsoft’s Sydney chatbots have been garnering a lot of attention for their detailed answers across many knowledge domains. In consequence, most AI researchers are no longer interested in trying to understand what common intelligence is or how intelligent agents construct scenarios to solve various problems. Instead, they now develop systems that extract solutions from massive databases used as cheat sheets. In the same manner, Natural Language Processing (NLP) software that uses training corpora associated with empirical methods are trendy, as most researchers in NLP today use large training corpora, always to the detriment of the development of formalized dictionaries and grammars.

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December 9, 2024

Ice Physics and the Natural Environment

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Free Download Ice Physics and the Natural Environment By J. S. Wettlaufer (auth.), John S. Wettlaufer, J. Gregory Dash, Norbert Untersteiner (eds.)
1999 | 355 Pages | ISBN: 3642642268 | PDF | 12 MB
The Advanced Study Institute Ice Physics in the Natural and Endangered Environ ment was held at Acquafredda di Maratea, Italy, from September 7 to 19, 1997. The ASI was designed to study the broad range of ice science and technology, and it brought together an appropriately interdisciplinary group of lecturers and students to study the many facets of the subject. The talks and poster presentations explored how basic molecular physics of ice have important environmental consequences, and, con versely, how natural phenomena present new questions for fundamental study. The of lectures discusses these linkages, in order that overall unity of following sunimary the subject and this volume can be perceived. Not all of the lecturers and participants were able to contribute a written piece, but their active involvement was crucial to the success of the Institute and thereby influenced the content of the volume. We began the Institute by retracing the history of the search for a microscopic un derstanding of melting. Our motivation was straightforward. Nearly every phenome non involving ice in the environment is influenced by the change of phase from solid to liquid or vice-versa. Hence, a sufficiently deep physical picture of the melting tran sition enriches our appreciation of a vast array of geophysical and technical problems.

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December 9, 2024

Human Rights and Natural Resources An Appraisal

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Free Download Jeremie Gilbert, "Human Rights and Natural Resources: An Appraisal"
English | ISBN: 0198795661 | 2018 | 216 pages | EPUB | 1111 KB
The management of natural resources is directly related to livelihoods for local communities, but is also intimately linked to broader national and regional economic development, as well as to political stability, peace and security. Natural resources and their effective management are necessary for securing the realisation of human rights. While there is some analysis regarding the emergence of specific relevant areas of human rights, such as the right to water, the right to food, or public participation, there is no systematic and comprehensive study on the potential role that human rights law can play in the management of natural resources.

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December 8, 2024

From the Maluku to Molecules How Natural Substances Write History

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Free Download From the Maluku to Molecules: How Natural Substances Write History
English | 2024 | ISBN: 3662699222 | 857 Pages | EPUB (True) | 41 MB
Natural products are a marvel of evolution. Plants are chemical factories and have produced a vast number of highly diverse and interesting natural substances with their extraordinary properties, which we humans have been using for centuries to relieve and cure diseases. At the latest since the discovery of penicillin, natural substances have become an important source of medicines, but we know only very few of the presumably many millions that are still waiting to be discovered. Important antibiotics, immunosuppressants, anticancer agents, hormones, and antiviral agents are among the natural products. But do natural products still matter in the age of biotechnology and genetic engineering? Yes, more than ever, because medicinal chemists draw creative inspiration for their syntheses from nature to develop the next blockbuster in medicine.

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December 8, 2024

Algebraic Structures in Natural Language

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Free Download Algebraic Structures in Natural Language edited by Shalom Lappin, Jean-Philippe Bernardy
English | December 23, 2022 | ISBN: 1032066547, 1032071044 | True EPUB | 290 pages | 2.6 MB
Algebraic Structures in Natural Language addresses a central problem in cognitive science concerning the learning procedures through which humans acquire and represent natural language. Until recently algebraic systems have dominated the study of natural language in formal and computational linguistics, AI, and the psychology of language, with linguistic knowledge seen as encoded in formal grammars, model theories, proof theories and other rule-driven devices. Recent work on deep learning has produced an increasingly powerful set of general learning mechanisms which do not apply rule-based algebraic models of representation. The success of deep learning in NLP has led some researchers to question the role of algebraic models in the study of human language acquisition and linguistic representation. Psychologists and cognitive scientists have also been exploring explanations of language evolution and language acquisition that rely on probabilistic methods, social interaction and information theory, rather than on formal models of grammar induction.

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November 30, 2024

From the Maluku to Molecules How Natural Substances Write History

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Free Download From the Maluku to Molecules: How Natural Substances Write History by Oliver Kayser
English | PDF (True) | 2024 | 593 Pages | ISBN : 3662699222 | 11.3 MB
Natural products are a marvel of evolution. Plants are chemical factories and have produced a vast number of highly diverse and interesting natural substances with their extraordinary properties, which we humans have been using for centuries to relieve and cure diseases. At the latest since the discovery of penicillin, natural substances have become an important source of medicines, but we know only very few of the presumably many millions that are still waiting to be discovered. Important antibiotics, immunosuppressants, anticancer agents, hormones, and antiviral agents are among the natural products. But do natural products still matter in the age of biotechnology and genetic engineering? Yes, more than ever, because medicinal chemists draw creative inspiration for their syntheses from nature to develop the next blockbuster in medicine.

(more…)