Tag: Oceanography

Free Download Stochastic Modelling in Physical Oceanography By Andrew F. Bennett (auth.), Robert J. Adler, Peter Müller, Boris L. Rozovskii (eds.)
1996 | 466 Pages | ISBN: 1461275334 | PDF | 28 MB
The study of the ocean is almost as old as the history of mankind itself. When the first seafarers set out in their primitive ships they had to understand, as best they could, tides and currents, eddies and vortices, for lack of understanding often led to loss of live. These primitive oceanographers were, of course, primarily statisticians. They collected what empirical data they could, and passed it down, ini tially by word of mouth, to their descendants. Data collection continued throughout the millenia, and although data bases became larger, more re liable, and better codified, it was not really until surprisingly recently that mankind began to try to understand the physics behind these data, and, shortly afterwards, to attempt to model it. The basic modelling tool of physical oceanography is, today, the partial differential equation. Somehow, we all ‘know" that if only we could find the right set of equations, with the right initial and boundary conditions, then we could solve the mysteries of ocean dynamics once and for all.

Free Download Arctic Oceanography: Marginal Ice Zones and Continental Shelves By Walker O. Smith Jr., Jacqueline M. Grebmeier
1995 | 288 Pages | ISBN: 0875902634 | PDF | 8 MB
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Coastal and Estuarine Studies, Volume 49.The Arctic Ocean is the least understood ocean on Earth, and yet its importance to the world’s oceans and climate is immense. For example, it has been suggested that the Arctic is the region most likely to be affected by increased atmospheric temperatures which might occur as a result of anthropogenic releases of greenhouse gases. It also plays a critical role in global oceanic circulation, in that it modulates the formation of deep water in the North Atlantic via ice export. Despite its pivotal role in global processes, the Arctic remains poorly understood. This volume is an attempt to highlight and synthesize some of the recent advances in our knowledge of Arctic oceanography and includes topics that will interest physical, biological, chemical, and geological oceanographers as well as atmospheric scientists.That the Arctic is so poorly known relative to other oceans is not surprising. It is largely ice-covered throughout the year, with only some of its continental shelves becoming ice?]free in summer. Its ice is mostly multi?]year and very thick, making penetration into the deeper portions impossible except by the most powerful ice?]breakers. However, in recent years new technologies have been applied to the Arctic, and our understanding of the physical, chemical, biological and geological processes which occur within it is rapidly increasing. Satellite sensors observe the Arctic continually, allowing us to follow ice circulation, storms, and openings in the pack ice that had never been observed previously. Moorings, ships and buoys now can withstand many of the rigors of the Arctic, and observations of the water column and seabed are becoming more common. Finally, because of its importance to global processes, studies of the Arctic are attracting scientists not only from Arctic nations but from nations around the world. Arctic oceanography truly has become an international effort.

Free Download Physical Oceanography: Developments Since 1950 By Bruce A. Warren (auth.), Markus Jochum, Raghu Murtugudde (eds.)
2006 | 250 Pages | ISBN: 0387302611 | PDF | 4 MB
Over the last five decades physical oceanography developed rapidly from a branch of fluid dynamics, with only a few observations, to a mature science with global field programs, large computer resources, and a complex theoretical framework. Today understanding of ice ages, global warming, or predictions of El Niño are to a large extent due to progress in understanding ocean physics. Therefore, it is important that the history of physical oceanography is made known so that citizens can understand the current state of climate sciences and policy makers can make informed decisions about future research.This volume contains a historical introduction by Bruce Warren and twelve historical perspectives from world-renowned physical oceanographers.

Free Download Chemical Oceanography
by Steven R. Emerson, Roberta C. Hamme and With figures produced by Michael Peterson, Bainbridge Island, USA
English | 2022 | ISBN: 1107179890 | 404 pages | True PDF | 84.43 MB

Free Download Trajectories in Oceanography by Emil Stanev
English | PDF EPUB (True) | 2023 | 294 Pages | ISBN : 3031337190 | 82.6 MB
This book presents the development of oceanography of European regional and coastal seas over the last 50 years. It describes the evolution of scientific practice alongside the technological development of measurements and computer modelling. Emphasis is placed on transformation of basic research into applied science and services. This reflects the growing public awareness of ocean issues. The recent advancements in the field of operational oceanography are presented as an important scientific response to the needs of environmental protection and sustainable development. The book could be of interest to scientists and students in various fields of oceanography, to practitioners in the field, and to the general readership interested in environmental sciences.