Tag: Orders

Violence and Social Orders A Conceptual Framework for Interpreting Recorded Human History


Free Download Douglass C. North, "Violence and Social Orders: A Conceptual Framework for Interpreting Recorded Human History"
English | ISBN: 1107646995 | 2012 | 346 pages | AZW3 | 737 KB
All societies must deal with the possibility of violence, and they do so in different ways. This book integrates the problem of violence into a larger social science and historical framework, showing how economic and political behavior are closely linked. Most societies, which we call natural states, limit violence by political manipulation of the economy to create privileged interests. These privileges limit the use of violence by powerful individuals, but doing so hinders both economic and political development. In contrast, modern societies create open access to economic and political organizations, fostering political and economic competition. The book provides a framework for understanding the two types of social orders, why open access societies are both politically and economically more developed, and how some 25 countries have made the transition between the two types.

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Orders of Exclusion Great Powers and the Strategic Sources of Foundational Rules in International Relations (2024)


Free Download Kyle M. Lascurettes, "Orders of Exclusion: Great Powers and the Strategic Sources of Foundational Rules in International Relations"
English | 2020 | ISBN: 019006854X, 0190068558 | PDF | pages: 353 | 1.9 mb
When and why do powerful countries seek to enact major changes to international order, the broad set of rules that guide behavior in world politics? This question is particularly important today given the Trump administration’s clear disregard for the reigning liberal international order in the United States. Across the globe, there is also uncertainty over what China might seek to replace that order with as it continues to amass power and influence. Together, these developments mean that what motivates great powers to shape and change order will remain at the forefront of debates over the future of world politics. Prior studies have focused on how the origins of international orders have been consensus-driven and inclusive. By contrast, Kyle M. Lascurettes argues in Orders of Exclusion that the propelling motivation for great power order building has typically been exclusionary. Dominant powers pursue fundamental changes to order when they perceive a major new threat on the horizon. Moreover, they do so for the purpose of targeting this perceived threat, be it another powerful state or a foreboding ideological movement. The goal of foundational rule writing in international relations, then, is blocking that threatening entity from amassing further influence, a motive Lascurettes illustrates at work across more than three hundred years of history. Far from falling outside of the bounds of traditional statecraft, order building is the continuation of power politics by other means.

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Esoteric Orders and Their Work


Free Download Esoteric Orders and Their Work By Dion Fortune
2007 | 160 Pages | ISBN: 157863184X | PDF | 16 MB
Esoteric Orders and their Work examines how and why esoteric schools have restricted admission to their secret societies and orders, and shrouded their practices in mystery. The knowledge guarded by these schools-passed down through the ages, and revised from time to time by great teachers-is a secret traditional science that studies the causes that lie behind observable phenomena. Dion Fortune reveals every aspect of these secret organizations and the training they offer to initiates. Revised edition contains a new introduction by Gareth Knight, and an index.

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Social Orders and Social Classes in Europe Since 1500 Studies in Social Stratification


Free Download M. L. Bush, "Social Orders and Social Classes in Europe Since 1500: Studies in Social Stratification"
English | ISBN: 1138162701 | 2017 | 276 pages | EPUB, PDF | 821 KB + 13 MB
This pioneering survey evaluates the notions of class and order throughout European history since 1500. After a general theoretical section on the concept of orders and class, the book provides discussions and case studies of the nobility, the clergy, the middle classes and the rural and urban proletariat. The studies are drawn from all over Europe, from early modern Castile to late Tsarist Russia. Contributors include Peter Burke, Stuart Woolf, A A Thompson and Joseph Bergin.

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Depictions of the Three Orders and Estates around the Year 1500


Free Download Tomislav Vignjevic, "Depictions of the Three Orders and Estates around the Year 1500"
English | ISBN: 1527533239 | 2019 | 120 pages | PDF | 7 MB
This volume highlights the copious and various depictions of the three orders of society during the Late Middle Ages and at the beginning of the Early Modern Period. It discusses the origins and development of the trifunctional division into the orders of the oratores, bellatores and laboratores, and the abundantly preserved visual material, which proves that this scheme was one of the most widespread ideological foundations of European societies at that time. Late Gothic and Renaissance depictions of the three orders of society can be found in different mediums, from woodcuts to wall paintings, and were produced by important artists such as J. Fouquet and Pieter Bruegel, as well as anonymous painters. The vast numbers of preserved examples of this topic confirm the significance and strength of this iconographic theme at the end of the Middle Ages.

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Strategies in Changing Global Orders


Free Download Strategies in Changing Global Orders: Competition and Conflict versus Cooperation
English | 2023 | ISBN: 9819972450 | 345 Pages | PDF EPUB (True) | 13 MB
This book explores the intricate web of economic diplomacy, Asia Pacific strategies, and Mega Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) that shape the region’s dynamics. It also examines the European Union’s perspective, considering its shared interests with East Asia and the USA. Avoiding military conflicts in sensitive regions such as the Taiwan Straits and the Korean Peninsula is crucial, as the economic ramifications of any such conflicts could be catastrophic on a global scale, fundamentally altering the course of the New Cold War.

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