Tag: Rich

Bonding in Electron-Rich Molecules Qualitative Valence-Bond Approach via Increased-Valence Structures (2024)


Free Download Bonding in Electron-Rich Molecules: Qualitative Valence-Bond Approach via Increased-Valence Structures by Richard D. Harcourt
English | PDF (True) | 2016 | 328 Pages | ISBN : 3319166751 | 11.7 MB
This second edition was updated to include some of the recent developments, such as "increased-valence" structures for 3-electron-3-centre bonding, benzene, electron conduction and reaction mechanisms, spiral chain O4 polymers and recoupled-pair bonding. The author provides qualitative molecular orbital and valence-bond descriptions of the electronic structures for primarily electron-rich molecules, with strong emphasis given to the valence-bond approach that uses "increased-valence" structures. He describes how "long-bond" Lewis structures as well as standard Lewis structures are incorporated into "increased-valence" structures for electron-rich molecules. "Increased-valence" structures involve more electrons in bonding than do their component Lewis structures, and are used to provide interpretations for molecular electronic structure, bond properties and reactivities. Attention is also given to Pauling "3-electron bonds", which are usually diatomic components of "increased-valence" structures for electron-rich molecules.

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As Gods Among Men A History of the Rich in the West


Free Download Guido Alfani, "As Gods Among Men: A History of the Rich in the West"
English | ISBN: 0691215731 | 2023 | 440 pages | PDF | 5 MB
How the rich and the super-rich throughout Western history accumulated their wealth, behaved (or misbehaved) and helped (or didn’t help) their communities in times of crisis

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Rich Get Richer, The American Wage, Wealth And Income Inequality


Free Download The Rich Get Richer: American Wage, Wealth and Income Inequality (195 Pages)
by Thomas Hyclak

English | 2023 | ISBN: 981127729X | 196 pages | True PDF | 11.39 MB
Inequality of wages among workers and inequality of income and wealth among families and households has been rising steadily for the past half-century in the United States and other developed economies. However, the United States stands out for having the most unequal wage and income distributions to begin with and for experiencing the fastest rise in inequality over the following decades. While this has been a long-developing situation and the subject of academic interest for some time, it is only in the last decade or so that inequality has attracted considerable public attention and become a political issue. Inequality has also become a subject of renewed interest among economists, with a growing number of scholars engaged in the development of new databases and the analysis of the causes and effects of increased inequality.

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